Machine for interlacing curled hair.



F. MAUSSNER.

MACHINE FOR INTERLACING CURLED HAIR.

APPLICATION FlLED JULYZZ, 1916.

Patented Dec. 12, 1916.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

F. MAUSSNER.

MACHINE FOR INTEHLACING CURLED HAIR.

AP PUCATION FlLED JULYZZ, 19W.

Patented Dec. 12, 1916.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

anucnl'or.

Frederic/a Mmwsnew p5 a I 94km iom/lwv M Q11 W a F. MAUSSNER.

MACHENE FOR INTERLACIN'G CURLED HAIR.

APPLICATION FILED JULYZZ. 191s.

1 308,?1 Patented Dec.12,1916.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4- 8 11 v0 1 To: Frederick/Mmwsner f) l I I @Qwzaw 52m @Hozucu s resin; onmc.

nannnarcx nmnssn'nn, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, assIoNon T0 DELANY .aNn concerns, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

EACHIINE FOR INTERLACING CURLED HAIR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. a2, 1916.

Application filed July 22, 1916. Serial No. 110,629.

To cllwkom it may concern:

Be it known that T, FREDERICK MAUSSNER, a subject of Germany, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines 'for interlacing Curled Hair, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a machine for interlacing curled hair, in which machine the loose hair is interlaced by passing the hair under a row of reciprocating needles, having barbs, which pull a few strands 0t hair through the bulk of material and interlace the hair so that the mass of hair will retain its shape.

The object of my invention is to construct a" machine in which the material is compressed as it is fed in a continuous form through the machine.

A further object of my invention is to provide means for adjusting the parts of the machine to vary the pressure upon the material.

A still further object of my invention is to change the position of the material in relation to the needles and also to vary the stroke of the needles.

These together with various other novel features of construction and operation constitute my invention.

Referring to the accompanying drawings:Figure 1.- is a side elevation of my improved machine; Fig 2. is as end elevation looking from the left hand side of Fig.

1; Fig. 3. is a transverse section on line 3 3 Fig. 2; Fig. 4. is a vertical section on line l4 Fig. 1. showing only one-half of the machine; Fig. 5. is a horizontal section on line 55,Fig.4 Fig. 6. is a perspective view of one end of the rack, showing the movable members and the mechanism for moving the same; Fig. 7. is a partial section, similar to Fig. 3. showing a difierent means for operating the movable members; Fig. 8. is a transverse section of the rack, showing another form of the movable members; and

Fig. 2. is a section on line 9-9 Fig. 8.

la the drawings in which like references refer to like parts; 1 and 2 representthc end members of the frame of the machine which are connected by cross members 3+5 and 6. The main shaft 8 is mounted in bearings 9 in the end members 1 and 2 the frame. Said shaft 8 is rotated by means of gear wheels 12 and 13 which. are driven by the shaft 1:1 carrying the driving pulley 15. The mam shaft 8 is provided upon each end thereof with an eccentric 17, for operating the reciprocating needle bar 20. The needle lower ends in guide blocks 25, secured to the end members 1 and 2. The upper ends of the rods 22 and 23 are threaded and are engaged by correspondingly threaded wormgear-wheel 26, held in brackets 27 secured to the ends of the needle bar 20. The rods 22 and 23 are connected with the eccentrics 17 upon the main shaft 8, by connecting rods 28, pivotally mounted at their upper ends in the cross heads 29, secured to the rods 22 and 23 and the connecting rods 28 are ivotally mounted upon crank pins 30, carried by a movable block 31 adjustably secured upon the eccentrics 17, whereby the throw of the eccentrics may be changed to increase or decrease the vertical movement of the needle bar 20. The needle bar 20 may be adjusted vertically upon the threaded rods 22 and 23 to change the relation between the needles and the work by rotating the worm-gearwheels 26; this is done by rotating the shaft 33, mounted in bearings 3-1 on the needle bar 20. Said shaft 33, has secured thereon worm-wheels 35 by which the worm-gearwheels 26, may be rotated to raise and lower the needle bar 20. Upon the under side of the needle bar is a plate 36 in which one or more rows of needles 37 are secured by means of set-screws 38, or other fastenin devices. The rows of needles extend the fu 1 width of the machine.

The loose hair is placed upon the conve or 40, from which it is fed upon the end ess apron 41, which carries the hair' through the machine. The apron ll. is mounted upon the rolls 42 and 43 which are mounted upon an adjustable frame 45, slidably mounted in vertical guides 6 and 47 secured upon the end members 1 and 2 of the machine.

The adjustable frame 45 consists of the cured upon the end members 1 and 2 of the machine. The screws 52 engage threaded lugs 54: upon the end bearing members 48 and 49. The screws 52 are provided with sprocket wheels 56, which are connected together by a sprocket chain 57, so that both of the screws 52 will turn simultaneously when either screw is turned by the hand wheel 58 secured on the screw 52. The adjustable frame may be raised and lowered to change the position of the apron 4;1 in relation to the needles and also in relation to the rack.

The rollers 42 and 43 carrying the apron 41 are rotated by sprocket chains 60, which are driven by sprocket wheels 61 secured upon a shaft 62 loosely mounted in the end bearing members 18 and 49 of the adjustable frame 15. Said shaft 62 is rotated 1ntermittently by a pawl 63, on the arm 64 which engages a ratchet wheel 65 secured on the shaft 62. The arm 64, carrying the pawl 63, is operated by a cam 67 on the main shaft 8, through the medium of a connecting rod 68 and the arm 69, carrying a roller which is held against the cam 67 by a spring 70. The movement of the cam 67 which operates the apron ll is tuned so as to move the apron forward when the needle bar 20 is in the raised position when the needles are withdrawn from the hair. The adjustable frame 15 is also provided with small. rollers 72 loosely mounted in the end bearing members 18 and 49. Said rollers 72 are for the purpose of supporting the apron 41 immediately adjacent to the needles.

The rack 7 5 which. compresses the hair upon the apron, consists of a number of parallel bars 76, sufficiently separated from each other to permit the needles to pass between the bars. The said rack is provided with guide bars 77 and 78 which are se cured to the rack and the ends of said guide bars project through vertical slots 79 formed in the end members 1 and 2 of the machine, which latter form guides, which permit the rack to move vertically.

The rack 75 is supported by brackets 80, secured to the guide bars 77 and 78, and said brackets 80 have lugs 81 with screw threaded apertures formed therein to receive the threaded rods 83 supported by the top plates 85, secured. on the end members 1 and 2 of the machine. Each of the rods 83 is provided with a gear-wheel 86 which meshes with a gear wheel 87, on a shaft 88, loosely mounted in the top plate 85. A. sprocket wheel 89 is secured on the shaft 88 and a sprocket chain 90, connects the said sprocket wheel 89 with a similar sprocket wheel upon the opposite end of the machine, as shown in Fig. 2. By rotating the hand wheels 91, at either end of the machine, the threaded rods 83 will all be rotated simultaneously and the rack 75 may be raised and lowered and also forced downward to compress the material upon the apron.

Each of the bars 76, of the rack 75,'is provided with a movable member 95, which is arranged to move when the apron 41 moves and thus assist in feeding the material through the machine and prevent the material from choking at the front end of the rack. A longitudinal groove is formed in the under side of each bar 76, of the rack, to receive a flexible wire 95. The wires 95 are attached to oscillating shafts 96 and 97, which extend along the front and rear edges of the rack 75, and said shafts are loosely mounted in bearings 98, formed in the end members of the rack 75. \Vhen the apron moves to advance the material through the machine, the wires 95 are all drawn under the bars at the same speed and in the same direction as the apron moves. This is done by winding the ends of the wires around the rock-shaft 96. When the apron again comes to rest the 90 shaft 96 is released and the wires are suddenly pulled in the opposite direction by the shaft 97, which is operated by springs 99, attached to arms 100, upon the said shaft 97. This reverse movement of 95 the wires 95, will not carry the hair with the wires as the apron is at rest and the springs give a very quick movement to the wires to return them to their normal position.

The rock-shaft 96 which draws the wires in the direction which the apron is moving is operated by a cam 101, on the main shaft 8. Said cam 101 acts upon an arm 102, which reciprocates a shaft 103, vertically mounted in a bearing 104, upon therack 75. The upper end of the vertical shaft 103 is provided with an arm 105, which is connected, by a link 106, with an arm 107, on the rock-shaft 96, carrying the wires 95. A reciprocating movement of the vertical shaft 103 will turn the horizontal rockshaft 96 and draw the wires around the said rock-shaft 96. v

The connecting link 106 is provided with universal joints on account of the short movements of the shafts 96 and 103. The lower end of the vertical shaft 103 is squared to permit the said shaft to move vertically through the hub 108, carrying the arm 102, thus the rack 75, is free to move vertically without disengaging the connections between the main shaft 8 and the rock-shaft 96, to which the wires are attached.

lfn Fig. 7. l have shown a diderent method of operating the movable members of the rack. The wires 112 are endless and are mounted upon pulleys 113 carried by bearings 114: secured to the rack 75. A 130 ratchet wheel 115 is secured upon the shaft carrying the roller or rollers around which .the wires pass and by means of a pawl 116, pivoted upon the oscillating arm 117 the ratchet wheel is turned and the Wires 112 may be advanced. in the same directionand at the same time as thea res is advanced.

A liQther form of movable member for the rack is shown in Figs. 8 and 9. The lower surface of each rack bar is grooved out to form a ball race and a number of balls 120 are inserted and held in saidv groove. Thiswill relieve the friction between the hair and the rack bars and allow the hair to pass through the machine ,without lifting the rack to relieve the pressure upon the hair.

Having thus described my invention I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent:-

1. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a frame, a reciprocating needle bar, needles secured to to be treated located adjacent to the said supporting means adapted to compress the material, said rack composed of parallel bars having spaces between them for the needles, said bars having grooves formed in the under surface thereof and movable members slidably carried in the said grooves formed in said bars.

3. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a frame, a reciprocating needle bar, needles'secured to said bars, means for supporting the. material to be treated located adjacent to the needles, a rack located adjacent to the supporting means adapted to compress the material, said rack composed of parallel bars, a flexible member held by each bar of the rack and meansfor moving the flexible members along the said bars to advance the material through the machine. c

i. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a frame, a reciprocating needle bar, needles secured to said bar, an

apron for carrying the material to be treated, a rack having bars to cbmpre'ss the ma terial, a movable member located adjacent to each of said bars and means for advancing the apron and the movable members simultaneously,

5,. Ina machine of the rlharac'teru described, the combination of a frame, a reciprocating needle bar, needles secured to said bar, an

apron for carrying the material to be treated, a' rack having bars between which the needles pass, a flexible movable member under (53011 0f said bars, rock shafts to which the endsof the movable members are secured and means for reciprocating the rock shafts to move the flexible members.

6. In a machine of the character described, the combination, of a frame, a reciprocating needle bar, needles secured to said bar, an apron carrying the material to be treated, a rack located above the apron, said rack having parallel bars extending in the direction of the line of travel of the apron, movable members carried by s aid bars'and means f r moving the apron and the movable members simultaneously.

7. In a machine of the character described, the combination of aframe, a reciprocating needle bar, needles secured to said bar, an apron carrying the material to be treated, a rack having a series of bars, a movable member extending the length of each of said bars, rock-shafts located at the front and rear ends of said bars to which the movable members are attached, an arm on one of said shafts, a link connected with said arm, a vertical shaft to operate the link and move the rock-shaft, an arm upon said vertical shaft, a cam to act upon said arm and a shaft upon which said cam is secured.

8. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a frame, a reciprocating needle bar, needles secured to. said bar,-an apron carrying the material to be treated, a rack located above the apron, said rack having aseries of bars, a movable member extending the length of each of said bars, rock-shafts located at the front and rear ends of said bars to Which the movable members are attached, means for rotating one of said rock-shafts to draw the movable members along the said bars, an arm upon the opposite one of said rock-shafts and a spring to act upon the arm and rotate the rock-shaft and return the movable members to their normal position.

9. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a frame, a reciprocating needle bar, needles secured to said bar, an apron carrying the material to be treated, a rack located above the apron, guides formed in the frame in which the rack is vertically adjustable, a series of bars formed upon the rack, rock-shafts located at the ends of said 1 bars, flexible members having their ends attached to the said rock-shafts, a vertical shaft adapted to actuate one. of said rockshafts, said vertical shaft having the lower end thereof squared, an arm in which the square end of said shaft is slidably mounted, a cam to actuate the arm and a shaft upon which said cam is secured.

10. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a frame, a recipbar, a main shaft mounted in the machine,

connections between the main shaft and the needle bar for reciprocating the latter, an apron located below the needles, a rack suspended above the apron to compress the material upon the apron, said rack having openings formed therein through which the needles pass and means for communicating motion from the main shaft to the apron to said barfifmain shaft mounted in the machine, connections between the main shaft and the needle bar for reciprocating the latter, an apron located below the needles, connections between the main shaft and the 5 apron for advancing the latter, a rack suspended above the apron, movable members carried by the rack and means for advancing the movable members of the rack.

12. Ina machine of the character described, the combination of a frame, a reciprocating needle bar, needles secured to said bar, a main shaft mounted in the ma chine, an apron to carry the materials, a tramelcarrying the apron, means for adjusting the apron'inrelation to the needles, a rack suspended above the aprom-andslidably mounted in the end members of the machine, means for raising and lowering the rack, movable members arranged upon the under side of the rack, eccentrics upon the main shaft for reciprocating the needle bar, means for changing the throw of the eccentries to vary the movements of the needles, and means for actuating the apron.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the presence of tWo witnesses.

FREDERICK MAUSSNER.

l/Vitnesses J. B. VVILLIAMS, Roxanna: M. Wamaon. 

